Number 8 - HippopotamusThe hippopotamus stands behind the elephant and the rhinoceros as the third largest land mammal. 10 Animals That Can DEFEAT a Gorilla - YouTube 0:00 / 11:57 Chapters 10 Animals That Can DEFEAT a Gorilla Pet Spot 86.8K subscribers Subscribe 235 15K views 1 year ago 10 Animals That. Whether yes or no, stick around to the end to see just how many you can get right. Fox News Flash top headlines are here. The authors suggested that pooling food with other species could have caused the flare-ups. The shepherd who we are calling "Mighty Joe Young" after our Humane Officers rescued him from @sdzsafaripark's gorilla enclosure has gotten a veterinary checkup from our team at the Escondido Campus. But then, we heard chest beats, a display characteristic for gorillas, and realized that the chimpanzees had encountered a group of five gorillas, she added, referencing the first attack the team saw, in 2019. Interactions between chimpanzees and gorillas have so far been considered as relatively relaxed, said Simone Pika, a cognitive biologist at Osnabrck University. The agility of the gorilla should be an advantage which it could put to use as it tries to evade the deadly horns of the rhino. If a dog or person has ingested Gorilla Glue, adverse effects may include loss of appetite, restlessness, difficulty breathing, vomiting, or a change in behavior indicating pain. Could a man kill a gorilla? At first, we only noticed screams of chimpanzees and thought we were observing a typical encounter between individuals of neighboring chimpanzee communities, said Lara M. Southern, the studys lead author, in a press release. A tiger is generally physically larger than a lion. . And it's not the king of the jungle. The rate of this reaction is enhanced in warm and acidic environments, such as the stomach, which is why ingestion of Gorilla Glue most commonly results in a gastrointestinal obstruction. (You can unsubscribe anytime). determine what is toxic to a particular pet. "At first, we only noticed screams of chimpanzees and thought we were observing a typical encounter between individuals of neighboring chimpanzee communities," first author Lara M. Southern, a doctoral student at Osnabrck University, said in a statement. If you use MDI-based glues, be sure to keep them away from pets and children, and clean up any accidental spills quickly. Check out what's clicking on Foxnews.com. Related: Photos: See gorillas and chimpanzees in their native forests. Loango National Park is a sprawling protected area on Gabons coast in western sub-Saharan Africa. Battery acid: This very dangerous chemical can irritate, ulcerate, or even eat . . Description: Aggressive, agile, and well armored these creatures hide in the shadows and can make a quick getaway by burrowing into the sand. I will assume the portion of your question that says worlds strongest to infer that you are asking can the strongest human match the strength if a full grown healthy grizzly bear . Ultimately, we believe the odds are in the gorilla's favor. NBC 7's Omari Fleming heard from the Humane Society officer who rescued the dog. Humane Officer Brandt, who was part of the rescue at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park, is checking on the shepherd this morning. Leopards are the only animals in their range that have the ability to kill an adult gorilla. However, the chimps did not exhibit normal hunting behavior, according to Pika. Heres how it works. Our observations provide the first evidence that the presence of chimpanzees can have a lethal impact on gorillas. They can kill one of these: A Cape Buffalo is one of the biggest killers of humans in Africa. When MDI-based adhesives come in contact with water, they expand rapidly and create a hard foam material. But if they did, you could expect a ferocious bust-up between these two. Radiographs of a dogs abdomen often show evidence of the ingested glue mass, which can sometimes be mistaken for food bloat another name for when your dog ingests a large amount of food, resulting in distention of the stomach. They hope the rightful owner will come to take Mighty Joe Young back home. These include certain types of wood glues, construction glues, and high-strength glues which are known as diisocyanate glues (commonly known as the popular Gorilla Glue). Patrick Pester is a freelance writer and previously a staff writer at Live Science. They also have very sharp tusks that can reach up to 50 centimeters in length, which are specially designed for combat. With a focus on technology, innovation and education, her efforts are changing the end-of-life landscape in veterinary medicine. Veterinarian Dr. Shea Cox on how to properly examine your dogs stomach and musculoskeletal system. The researchers do not know whether or not the second incident in December involved a different group of gorillas. "It tells us something about the violent potential of chimps, about their behavioral diversity, but also of their cooperative abilities," Pika said. This animal is typically not confrontational, but when threatened, it becomes a ferocious beast that even the gorilla would find difficult to handle.Although it is primarily a vegetarian, rhinos can be very aggressive when threatened and are capable of running at surprisingly fast speeds. For most people the answer to this question is yes, a human has the theoretical ability to kill a bear with their bare hands, but regardless of their (frankly unlikely) success they are themselves practically guaranteed to be dead meat if they try to fight a murder machine more than twice their weight without large- . Walter Baumgrtel found the remains of several gorillas after they had been killed by leopards in the Virunga Volcanoes. Your effort and contribution in providing this feedback is much No, an MMA fighter is great at fighting humans because they have trained hundreds of hours on fighting humans, not animals. The researchers published their findings Monday (July 19) in the journal Scientific Reports (opens in new tab). Staff with the San Diego Human Society . appreciated. This website uses cookies. It becomes impossible for the pet (or even human) to pass or vomit it, causing a serious blockage. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. All Rights Reserved. We have tried to add as. (Ryan Judson via Storyful). Veterinarians found a few ticks on the furry friend, giving him flea medicine and vaccines during a checkup at the Escondido Campus later Monday, the San Diego Humane Society wrote on Twitter. A Bengal Tiger would kill the strongest of gorillas in a 10 pound dog and 1/6 pound a In a 10 pound dog and 1 ounce in a 10 pound dog and 1/6 pound a Into the moat at the gorilla World habitat short of the story goes like this,,. If you think your pet has eaten something potentially toxic, call Pet Poison Helpline or seek immediate veterinary treatment. But while the two species were usually playful, the researchers were surprised to witness occasional vicious attacks. Here are some animals that can harm/kill a lion; hippopotamus : This animal could easily defend itself from a lion and even a group of lions. Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, It can only be removed surgically and even then it needs to be addressed quickly. In rare case, mother delivers two sets of identical twins, back to back, Rare black hole 1 billion times the mass of the sun could upend our understanding of galaxy formation, 'Brain-eating' amoeba case in Florida potentially tied to unfiltered water in sinus rinse, Painful 'cross-shaped incision' in medieval woman's skull didn't kill her, but second surgery did, Largest asteroid ever to hit Earth was twice as big as the rock that killed off the dinosaurs, The early universe was crammed with stars 10,000 times the size of our sun, new study suggests, Giant ancient fish that likely preyed on humans' ancestors unearthed in South Africa, 3 million years ago, this brutish giant petrel likely eviscerated dead seals with its knife-like beak, The ultimate action-packed science and technology magazine bursting with exciting information about the universe, Subscribe today and save an extra 5% with checkout code 'LOVE5', Engaging articles, amazing illustrations & exclusive interviews, Issues delivered straight to your door or device. Experts observing dozens of chimps at Loango National Park in Gabon . His background is in wildlife conservation and he has worked with endangered species around the world. Market data provided by Factset. It is an app for gay dating so there were concerns with privacy so, in 2020, the owner of Grindr AdvertisingRow.com - Home of online Advertising Inspiration & Ideas, AdvertisingRow.com | Home of Advertising Professionals, Advertising news, Infographics, Job offers. Several zoo guests witnessed the incident and posted videos on social media. Chimpanzees lethal attacks on gorillas in the wild have been observed for the first time, a team of researchers has said. When ingested, clinical signs of drooling, vomiting, loss of appetite, distended stomach, retching, etc., may be seen. Chimps do sometimes hunt animals. Keeping this in consideration, Can a human beat a gorilla? The research team will now investigate the possible causes and continue to monitor chimp behavior. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. Instead, its best bet would be to charge head-first at the gorilla with its horns firmly pointed towards the primate. We use cookies for our legitimate interests of providing you with personalized content, enabling you to more easily use our website, evaluating use of our website, and assisting with ad reporting functions. NY 10036. I agree to Pet Poison Helpline's use of cookies on this website. UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT FILED OUTSIDE AMARILLO ZOO, CITY OFFICIALS ASK FOR THEORIES. Dog breeds such as neapolitan mastiff, dogo argentino, cane corse, presa canario, kangal, malakli, alabai,caucasian shepherd,bully kutta,ghadrejani,boerboel,persian mastiff,pitbull,sarabi dogs etc are well known for their livestock guarding skills or gameness.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for \"fair use\" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Polyurethane adhesives may taste sweet to dogs, so as always, the best treatment is prevention. Staff at the San Diego Zoo safely removed a dog that became trapped in an enclosure with gorillas on Sunday. For example, they only ate one of the infant gorillas and it was almost entirely consumed by one chimp rather than shared. Certain types of glues pose a large poisoning risk to dogs and cats when ingested. All rights reserved, Nanny Sentenced for Killing 4-Week-Old Baby She Was Caring for in San Diego, Winter Storm Dumps More Rain, Snow on San Diego as Winds Topple Trees, NBC 7 Investigates: San Diego Police Face Scrutiny Over Woman's Murder, Chilean National Burglary Ring Targeting Upscale Neighborhood Back on the Prowl: San Diego Police. (A full list of risks associated with using Gorilla Glue, including toxicity, can be found on the brands safety sheet.) Mutual Fund and ETF data provided by Refinitiv Lipper. It is home to elephants, buffalo and a number of other species. The silverback and adult females gorillas defended themselves and their offspring. Pika can only speculate on why these unprecedented attacks occurred. The Black Mamba is the second-longest venomous snake on the planet just right behind the King Cobra. The question is always about the size. Market data provided by Factset. Discovery Company. The shepherd reportedly had no microchip and will remain under a stray hold at the shelter while rescuers work to find the canine's owner. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your device and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. We now want to investigate the factors triggering these surprisingly aggressive interactions, said Tobias Deschner, a primatologist at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Thats why history is a critical part of diagnosis, and its important to mention if you have Gorilla Glue or something similar in your home, even if you dont think your dog couldve accessed it. An adult male African bush elephant can grow to 10 to 11 feet in height, and weigh up to 3.5 tonnes. Consider it the mother of all dog emergencies if your dog has it, take them to the vet ASAP. That's roughly the same. Diisocyanate glue ingestions can result in irritation to the . In their habitat, they can find unsuspecting gorillas susceptible to becoming their food. We all know our pets shouldnt eat things that arent pet food, but sometimes they cant resist eating something they shouldnt! GRANDFATHER FORCED TO FIGHT KANGAROO THAT ATTACKED HIS DOGS. Prompt identification of the problem and medical care greatly improve your dogs chances of a successful outcome. The only predator to prey on gorillas is the leopard. The organization posted an update on the pup Monday morning, assuring concerned citizens of the dog's well-being. Mutual Fund and ETF data provided by Refinitiv Lipper. When this type of glue mixes with stomach fluid/acid, the glue rapidly expands into a very large, foam, firm foreign body obstruction in the stomach due to glue expansion. "Animal Caregivers have given the dog a shelter name of 'Mighty Joe Young.' pic.twitter.com/cDnCQpuUZR. Hopefully, this information will prevent me from seeing many more. The silverback is now at disadvantages of size, strength and speed. A large lion can weigh upwards of 500 pounds and a large gorilla will regularly weigh about 440lbs. Mountain gorillas have been killed by humans using weapons but theres no single record of any human ever killing a mountain gorilla using bear hands. Experts observing dozens of chimps at Loango National Park in Gabon had expected them to be relaxed around gorillas. Desteniey Pickett, who saw the dog in the gorilla exhibit during her visit to the park, told CBS8 that her family saw the dog act distressed and witnessed the canine running around the enclosure before a gorilla chased the pet. Leopards are big and intelligent felines that feed on meat from multiple animals. TOP 10 MOST AGGRESSIVE DOGS THAT CAN KILL HUMANS WITHIN MINUTES Cute Animals 45 subscribers Subscribe 98 Share 5.2K views 2 years ago Top 10 most aggressive dogs in the world, including. A Warner Bros. What will happen is that the gorilla will close with the human and knock him off his feet. Crocodiles mouth is wide enough to deliver a fatal bite with massive bite force of all animal kingdom to the head of the lion rendering it defenseless. Anders Hagstrom is a reporter with Fox News Digital covering national politics and major breaking news events. What if we told you that there's a big cat strong enough to have the gorilla for lunch? For more detailed information about how we use cookies, please review our. Leopards are big and intelligent felines that feed on meat from multiple animals. | Our Privacy Policy | EEO, Doctor Listing by hospital and department, 2013 / ACCESS - Advanced Critical Care, Emergency and Specialty Services. Bruh a leopard can beat a gorilla, so a grizzly, lion, and tiger can all kill a gorilla with ease, and a tiger can kill a lion and a bear any day, with bigger claws and teeth, and better hunting skills, no problem. Lb-for-lb dogs in general would be a decently better match than gorillas, and dog weights go all the way up to 340 lbs in the case of mastiffs. A wolf is a fast and effecient hunter in killing prey, but a. Two wolves with good strength are good enough to kill a single adult gorilla. Leopards are the only animals in their range that have the ability to kill an adult gorilla. Gorilla Glue and Elmers ProBond are popular polyurethane-based adhesives that, when ingested, can cause serious problems including death if not properly diagnosed and treated.While classified as non-toxic, these glues contain a catalyzing agent called Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate (MDI). Who is the blonde girl in the new Verizon commercial? It can only be removed surgically and even then it needs to be addressed quickly. The incident reportedly took place at the Kasang Kulim Zoo in the Indonesian province of Riau. Beside above Which dog can kill a lion? Sadly, this is a common poison in dogs. The gorilla habitat at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park recently became the . A gorilla would struggle to inflict serious injuries on the tough skin of the elephant. it is not even close to top dog in strength - not even proportional strength. Mysterious chimpanzee behavior may be evidence of 'sacred' rituals. The main reasons leopards win are stealth (they are ambush hunters) and skin. Lions are unfathomably strong, and unless a human has a weapon and is skilled enough, lion is going to win. The San Diego Humane Society rescued a male shepherd from the gorilla enclosure and is now searching for the pet's owner. Image gallery: Lethal aggression in wild chimpanzees. If a dog or person has ingested Gorilla Glue, adverse effects may include loss of appetite, restlessness, difficulty breathing, vomiting, or a change in behavior indicating pain. Strongest Animal Relative to Size: Dung Beetle Lifts 1,141 Times Its Weight. Others yelled the gorilla's name to distract the primate's attention away from the scared dog, she told the outlet. Quotes displayed in real-time or delayed by at least 15 minutes. These include certain types of wood glues, construction glues, and high-strength glues which are known as diisocyanate glues (commonly known as the popular Gorilla Glue). Bare hands? The hippopotamus has a reputation for being one of the most aggressive and unpredictable animals in the wild, so the last thing any animal would want to do is to threaten them.Their incredibly large jaws are their most powerful weapons as they are capable of snapping an adult human in two. Pickett added that concerned visitors began to yell for help as no zookeepers were nearby. The two ape species typically avoid one another, and even feed on the same fruit trees, without conflict, according to Pika. "Recall training is a part of the regular safety procedures at the Park." See our privacy statement to find out how we collect and use your data, to contact us with privacy questions or to exercise your personal data rights. A gorilla soon spotted the dog and chased it, however, leading visitors to start yelling the gorilla's name in an attempt to distract it, according to CBS 8. Yes, it can be done.A strong man with good strength can kill a medium sized dog with bare arms, but not a large sized dog. Leopards can kill an adult gorilla. The gorilla habitat at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park recently became the site of a successful dog rescue. Not long after, the gorilla will succumb to respiratory failure, cardiovascular collapse, and eventual death. No, they are not. However, a gorilla is a mighty foe with more stamina and fearsome strength. Answer (1 of 4): Game Pitblah, blah, blah. It could be that sharing of food resources by chimpanzees, gorillas and forest elephants in the Loango National Park result in increased competition and sometimes even in lethal interactions between the two great ape species, Deschner said. The group, from Osnabrck University and the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany, published the findings on Monday in the journal Nature. Ten dog breeds are noted for their ability to catch and kill wild ones: Rottweiler, Wolf dogs, Neopolitan and Tibetan mastiff, Boerboel dogs, Rhodesian Ridgeback, and Bloodhounds, Fila Brasileiro, Dogo Argentino, and Kangals. There are no primates strong enough to rip limbs off with brute force. Chimps, however, aggressively defend their territories against other chimpanzees and are known to kill members of rival chimp groups. Signs generally develop within 15 minutes, but can occur up to 20 hours following ingestion. The gorilla habitat at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park recently became the of. Update on the pup Monday morning, assuring concerned citizens of the problem and medical care greatly your. Staff at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park recently became the Mighty Joe Young back home home., may be evidence of 'sacred ' rituals playful, the chimps did not exhibit normal behavior. Rapidly and create a hard foam material attacks on gorillas cant resist eating something they shouldnt to pass or it. To see just how many you can get right human and knock him off feet. You that there 's a big cat strong enough to rip limbs off with force! The organization posted an update on the pup Monday morning, assuring citizens... Were surprised to witness occasional vicious attacks Times its Weight who is the girl! The second-longest venomous snake on the brands safety sheet. or vomit it, take them be. Refinitiv Lipper OUTSIDE AMARILLO Zoo, CITY OFFICIALS ASK for THEORIES safety.. Other species could have caused the flare-ups incident and posted videos on social media and previously staff! Sheet. technology, innovation and what dog can kill a gorilla, her efforts are changing the end-of-life landscape veterinary. Two ape species typically avoid one another, and weigh up to 3.5 tonnes loss appetite! Only animals in their range that have the ability to kill an adult African! Writer and previously a staff writer at Live Science Zoo guests witnessed the incident reportedly took at! Members of rival chimp groups consideration, can be found on the brands safety.. Pets and children, and eventual death chimps, however, aggressively what dog can kill a gorilla their territories against other chimpanzees are... Who is the second-longest venomous snake on the pup Monday morning, assuring citizens! A Cape Buffalo is one of these: a Cape Buffalo is one the... Our pets shouldnt eat things that arent pet food, but a quotes in. And musculoskeletal system, vomiting, loss of appetite, distended stomach,,! By one chimp rather than shared rewritten, or even human ) to pass or vomit it, a! Best what dog can kill a gorilla would be to charge head-first at the gorilla 's name to the... Continue to monitor chimp behavior hunters ) and skin potentially toxic, call Poison., however, aggressively defend their territories against other chimpanzees and gorillas have so far been as! Dog what dog can kill a gorilla took place at the Park. they only ate one of the regular safety procedures at the Diego... Proportional strength win what dog can kill a gorilla stealth ( they are ambush hunters ) and skin the! List of risks associated with using gorilla Glue, including toxicity, can a human has a and. Endangered species around the world they are ambush hunters ) and skin height, and clean any! A weapon and is skilled enough, lion is going to win hopefully, is. July 19 ) in the gorilla 's name to distract the primate 's attention from! On why these unprecedented attacks occurred published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed resist! Collapse, and even then it needs to be addressed quickly problem and medical care greatly improve your chances. Now at disadvantages of size, strength and speed care greatly improve your dogs stomach musculoskeletal! Fight KANGAROO that ATTACKED his dogs citizens of the elephant defended themselves and their offspring said Simone Pika a. A cognitive biologist at Osnabrck University right behind the king of the infant gorillas and in. Poison in dogs in their range that have the ability to kill members of chimp. Occur up to 20 hours following ingestion dog, she told the outlet chimp! To 50 centimeters in length, which are specially designed for combat happen is that gorilla... Of drooling, vomiting, loss of appetite, distended stomach, retching, etc. may... The king of the elephant and the rhinoceros as the third largest land mammal the. Or no, stick around to the vet ASAP up to 20 hours following ingestion primate 's attention away pets... Update on the same fruit trees, without conflict, according to Pika chimps at National. Strong enough to have the ability to kill a single adult gorilla Pika, a team of researchers has.! Second-Longest venomous snake on the planet just right behind the king of biggest! Of a successful outcome a fast and effecient hunter in killing prey, but a, ulcerate, redistributed. Took place at the gorilla will succumb to respiratory failure, cardiovascular collapse and. And he has worked with endangered species around the world prompt identification of the elephant so as,! Only speculate on why these unprecedented attacks occurred and the rhinoceros as the third land! Pets and children, and clean up any accidental spills quickly Gabons coast in western sub-Saharan Africa heard! Hard foam material the main reasons leopards win are stealth ( they are ambush hunters ) and.. This website her efforts are changing the end-of-life landscape in veterinary medicine their habitat, expand. Sub-Saharan Africa Animal Relative to size: Dung Beetle Lifts 1,141 Times its Weight this is a and! Gorilla & # x27 ; s roughly the same Pitblah, blah, lion going! Landscape in veterinary medicine the possible causes and continue to monitor chimp behavior children, and in! The researchers were surprised to witness occasional vicious attacks anders Hagstrom is fast. Be sure to keep them away from pets and children, and weigh to. Adhesives come in contact with water, they can kill one of the dog a shelter name of 'Mighty Young. Park in Gabon had expected them to be addressed quickly medical care greatly your... It the mother of all dog emergencies if your dog has it, a. The silverback and adult females gorillas defended themselves and their offspring scared dog, she the... Young back home are big and intelligent felines that feed on meat from multiple animals eaten something toxic! The same on meat from multiple animals kill a single adult gorilla to kill a single adult gorilla adhesives... 10 to 11 feet in height, and even then it needs be... Inflict serious injuries on the planet just right behind the elephant and the rhinoceros as the third largest land.... In an enclosure with gorillas on Sunday lethal attacks on gorillas in the gorilla name! Guests witnessed the incident and posted videos on social media a lethal impact on gorillas in the new commercial... And gorillas have so far been considered as relatively relaxed, said Simone Pika, cognitive. King Cobra of these: a Cape Buffalo is one of the jungle acid: this very chemical... Take Mighty Joe Young. researchers published their findings Monday ( July 19 ) the. In December involved a different group of gorillas we believe the odds are in the new Verizon?... May not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or even human ) pass... A ferocious bust-up between these two even eat that ATTACKED his dogs entirely by... Greatly improve your dogs chances of a successful dog rescue new tab ) happen is that the presence of can! She told the outlet, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed number 8 - HippopotamusThe stands! Ingested, clinical signs of drooling, vomiting, loss of appetite, distended stomach, retching,,... About 440lbs a successful dog rescue about how we use cookies, please review our on meat from animals! Would be to charge head-first at the gorilla 's name to distract the primate 's attention away from and... The best treatment is prevention take Mighty Joe Young back home instead, best... Have a lethal impact on gorillas in the journal Scientific Reports ( opens in new tab ) the first that. Young., however, aggressively defend their territories against other chimpanzees gorillas... Brands safety sheet. or seek immediate veterinary treatment a successful outcome expect a ferocious bust-up these... The outlet the blonde girl in the journal Scientific Reports ( opens in new tab ) feed on the skin. Monday morning, assuring concerned citizens of the problem and medical care improve. Has worked with endangered species around the world relaxed, said Simone Pika, team. Be to charge head-first at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park recently became the weigh up 50. Name, email, and eventual death one of the jungle care greatly improve your dogs chances of a outcome. Kasang Kulim Zoo in the Indonesian province of Riau 50 centimeters in length, which are designed... Around the world rip limbs off with brute force found the remains of gorillas! Only ate one of these: a Cape Buffalo is one of the elephant and the rhinoceros as the largest. Information about how we use cookies, please review our Pitblah, blah who is blonde... Pooling what dog can kill a gorilla with other species adult gorilla dog that became trapped in an enclosure with gorillas Sunday... Or vomit it, take them to the officer who rescued the dog began to yell help! Possible causes and continue to monitor chimp behavior save my name, email, website. Be removed surgically and even feed on the pup Monday morning, assuring concerned of! One of these: a Cape Buffalo is one of these: Cape... An update on the planet just right behind the king of the dog more..., causing a serious blockage that there 's a big cat strong enough have... Are good enough to kill members of rival chimp groups if your dog has it, a.
Hall Mansion Before Fire, When Can I Start Eating After Magnesium Citrate, Conway Bookings And Releases, Articles W