Western culture prefers curvy women and tan skin, while Asian culture idolizes slim figures and pale skin. The share in each country who say they would be willing to accept Muslims or Jews as neighbors can be found. See Methodology for details. However, these arent just Eastern European traits; they are human traits. Next came Ukraine (15%), Slovakia (19%), Romania (16%), Serbia (14%), Czechia (12.5%), Macedonia (10%), Albania (10%), Montenegro (9%), Bosnia (10%), and Bulgaria (10%). Its a pity we dont copy Eastern Europe and seal off vast areas in our city center for walkers. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. When Gallup asked, Did you experience stress yesterday? Russians were the most chilled out Europeans, with just one in 10 answering yes. Fortunately, however, this bloodshed eventually gave way to happier times. Today, most of the Balkan states are part of the EU and NATO, as are most of the countries of Southern Europe in general. Only about 343,000 people live in Iceland. Yes, it continues to fade, but it hasnt disappeared yet. Theres one characteristic that all Eastern Europeans share, from Finland to Macedonia, from Slovenia to Ukraineits toughness. He said, Eastern Europe has an untarnished relation to traditional European values. In addition to the importance of religion to national identity, the surveys also asked about several other possible elements of national identity. 1Americans are more likely to believe they control their own destiny. For instance, Czechs are highly secular, generally favor same-sex marriage and do not associate Christianity with their national identity, similar to most Western Europeans. Iceland is home to the worlds oldest parliament, the Althing. In much of Europe, life is laid-back and slow-paced; people work shorter hours and have lots of time with family. A train in Austria (left) versus Serbia (right). For example, 36% of Polish adults under 35 say they would be willing to accept Muslims in their family, far below the two-thirds of young French adults who say they would be willing to have Muslims in their family mirroring the overall publics in those countries. | Latin America Countries, Physical Features & Facts, North America Physical Map & Significant Features | Rivers & Mountain Ranges, Economy of the Europe System | Overview, Sectors & Strengths. 525 lessons. A similar divide emerges between Central/Eastern Europe and Western Europe with regard to accepting Jews into ones family. In America, the only pedestrian zones are in our spiritless shopping malls. Greece is located in south-east Europe! Since 2015, the have grown by 300 percent in the US. For example, majorities in Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands and Norway say it is not very or not at all important to be born in their country or have family background there to be truly Swedish, etc. Eastern Europeans excel at having a simplified tax policy. Today, more than 748 million people live in Europe. How abortion is regulated around the world. Majorities in all European nations polled in 2011 said guaranteeing that nobody is in need is more important. People speak languages with Slavic roots. According to my observations, the majority of Eastern Europeans (Slavs) have facial features such as high cheekbones and deep-set almond-shaped eyes with colors ranging from green, and dark blue, to light or dark brown. Read our research on: Congress | Economy | Black Americans. Michael Derrer, a Swiss consultant and translator for Eastern Europe, told me, Western perfectionism asks for improving situations, which of course is good in the long run, but Eastern Europeans can cope with situations that are not perfect, which is useful for the short-term individual well-being.. They also have a small smile that tends to be even more angled than Asians. Another important reason is a connection with their national heritage. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. The Romanian language consists of 75% Latin, 20% Dacian and 5% Slavic. To keep up with the pace of change, organizations that havent already can benefit greatly from exploring skills-based training. Majorities favor same-sex marriage in every Western European country surveyed, and nearly all of these countries have legalized the practice. Meanwhile, far fewer Western Europeans say they are currently Christian than say they were raised Christian. But today, for most people living in the former Eastern bloc, being Christian (whether Catholic or Orthodox) is an important component of their national identity. Mediterranean Europe is an area that includes Eastern Spain, southern France, Italy, Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, and Albania. Required fields are marked *. And in Georgia, 92% of adults say it is important to speak Georgian to truly share their national identity. The cities of Western Europe, especially in the UK, France, and Germany, are responsible for a large proportion of the economic growth, and life there is different from much of the rest of Europe. Western Europe: Western Europe is economically more advanced as well as prosperous. The advancements that these ancient civilizations made in governance, science, architecture, and the arts helped shape both Europe and the rest of the world. Eastern Europeans also tend to have high cheekbones, which helps to protect against the cold wind. The region, which includes the Balkan and the Baltic states, still has a rich culture and historical significance, and its people are famous for their hospitality. In some other cases, Central European countries fall between the East and the West. Lonely humans will become infatuated with AI-fabricated personas. Age differences are stronger in Western Europe than in Eastern Europe on this issue: Younger adults across most of Western Europe are more likely than those ages 35 and older to prefer separation of church and state. The breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s resulted in much bloodshed. In Ukraine, meanwhile, young adults and older adults look very similar on this question (68% vs. 69%). In countries that are centrally located on the continent, prevailing attitudes may align with popular opinions in the East on some issues, while more closely reflecting Western public sentiment on other matters. In Western Europe, by contrast, most people dont feel that religion is a major part of their national identity. Consequently, those in this younger generation in Central and Eastern Europe are much less likely than their peers in Western Europe to express openness to having Muslims or Jews in their families. A sampling of other topics that are said to divide Eastern and Western Europe, other than those included in this report, include sentiment regarding democracy; the importance of individualism in society, as opposed to collectivism; and overall economic well-being. Southern Europe is where much of Europes history began. These rights and principles are part of the EUs legal system and have been affirmed in decisions of the European Court of Justice going back decades.4 But the membership of the EU has changed in recent years, beginning in 2004 to spread significantly from its historic western base into Central and Eastern Europe. But in most other countries surveyed, Muslims and Jews make up relatively small shares of the population, and surveys often are not able to reliably measure their precise size. By the way, the economy in some eastern European countries (Poland, Romania and Hungary) is relatively close to the Italian, Spanish and Portuguese or Scandinavian countries economy. 3There is greater tolerance in the U.S. than in Europe for offensive speech. In most Central and Eastern European countries surveyed, a quarter or more say they believe in reincarnation that is, that people will be reborn in this world again and again. Although Western European cities have nice pedestrian zones, because Eastern Europeans dont have as many cars as Western Europeans, theyre more likely to walk everywhere. In the Eastern European countries, the conservative ideas are more prominent in comparison to the Western region. It is difficult to point out the geographical division between the western and eastern regions of Europe although it is believed that the Caucasus Mountains, Ural River and mountain lay the boundary for Eastern Europe. In The Hidden Europe, I also examine 17 negative traits that Eastern Europeans have in common. Latin American Culture & Traditions | What is Latin America? 4. Adults in both regions say it is important to respect their countrys institutions and laws and to be able to speak the national language to truly share their national identity. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. In Western Europe, there are a variety of reasons why many adults who were raised Christian have become unaffiliated. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union refers to common values in its preamble, which begins: The peoples of Europe, in creating an ever closer union among them, are resolved to share a peaceful future based on common values. It is also important to note that the divisions created by the UN Geoscheme do not necessarily reflect the historical or current divisions of Europe. Similarly, roughly three-in-ten Slovaks, Greeks and Ukrainians say they pray daily, compared with 8% in Austria and Switzerland. Difference Between Coronavirus and Cold Symptoms, Difference Between Coronavirus and Influenza, Difference Between Coronavirus and Covid 19, Difference Between Salt Bridge and Hydrogen Bond, Difference Between Apple iPad Air and iPad Air 2, Difference Between Conventional Current and Electric Current, What is the Difference Between Body Wash and Shower Gel, What is the Difference Between Ice Pick and Thunderclap Headache, What is the Difference Between Macular Degeneration and Macular Edema, What is the Difference Between Preganglionic and Postganglionic Brachial Plexus Injury, What is the Difference Between Polyhydramnios and Oligohydramnios, What is the Difference Between Laceration and Abrasion. And of course, the United Kingdom voted in 2016 to leave the European Union, which many have suggested came in part due to concerns about immigration and open borders. To be sure, some Central and Eastern European countries, such as the Czech Republic, Estonia and Bulgaria, overwhelmingly favor legal abortion. For example, in the Baltic states of Latvia and Estonia, the vast majority of people say being Christian (specifically Lutheran) is not important to their national identity. In most other parts of Central and Eastern Europe, Christian shares of the population have been relatively stable by this measure. In many Western European countries surveyed, roughly one-fifth of the population expresses belief in reincarnation, a concept more closely associated with Eastern religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism than with Christianity. The Iron Curtain that once divided Europe may be long gone, but the continent today is split by stark differences in public attitudes toward religion, minorities and social issues such as gay marriage and legal abortion. Not only is religious affiliation on the decline in Western Europe, religious commitment also is generally lower there than in Central and Eastern Europe. It consists of 10 countries. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com. Northern Europe consists of 10 countries. Crime is also relatively low, even in cities. All these countries are part of different subregions of Europe as defined by the UN Geoscheme. Since that year, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia have joined the EU. These differences emerge from a series of surveys conducted by Pew Research Center between 2015 and 2017 among nearly 56,000 adults (ages 18 and older) in 34 Western, Central and Eastern European countries, and they continue to divide the continent more than a decade after the European Union began to expand well beyond its Western European roots to include, among others, the Central European countries of Poland and Hungary, and the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Americans and Europeans share many things: a commitment to fundamental democratic principles, a strategic alliance that has shaped the world order for more than half a century, and despite serious economic challenges in recent years, some of the highest living standards in the world. Public sentiment is very different in Central and Eastern Europe, where majorities in nearly all countries surveyed oppose allowing gays and lesbians to marry legally. Eastern Europe shares common positive characteristics that not only distinguish it from Western Europe, but also from most of the world. And most Hungarians say that being born in their country and having Hungarian ancestry are important to being truly Hungarian a typically Eastern European view of national identity. These are not the only issues dividing Eastern and Western Europe.5 But they have been in the news since a surge in immigration to Europe brought record levels of refugees from predominantly Muslim countries and sparked fierce debates among European leaders and policymakers about border policies and national values. Among the Western European countries surveyed, only in Portugal (44%) do more than three-in-ten say they are absolutely certain that God exists. Use our interactive map to find out, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, The changing face of Congress in 8 charts. The top 25 rapid-growth markets, or RGMs, will continue to contribute nearly half of the worlds growth over the next three years. Governments also tend to take a much heavier hand in their economies to this day, and will work hard to actively provide jobs for their people. The surveys included interviews with Muslims, Jews and other religious minorities. Not too far behind is Spain, which boasts a population of about 46 million. Western Europeans also are more likely than their neighbors in the East to say they never pray (e.g., 62% in Denmark vs. 28% in Russia). I do appreciate the liberalization in the western world during the past 40 years. Businesses tend to close for anything from an hour to four or five hours, and reopen in the evening. Specifically, our European participants clearly fixated the eyes more in Caucasian (own-race) than in Asian (other-race) faces, in which, in comparison to Caucasian faces, they looked at the nose more often. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax Catholic-majority countries are prevalent in the central and southwestern parts of Europe, cutting a swath from Lithuania through Poland, Slovakia and Hungary, and then extending westward across Croatia, Austria, Italy and France to the Iberian Peninsula. Among the Central and Eastern European countries surveyed, there are only three exceptions where fewer than two-thirds of adults say they believe in God: Hungary (59%), Estonia (44%) and the Czech Republic (29%). Fundamental Rights in the European Union: The role of the Charter after the Lisbon Treaty. European Parliamentary Research Service. Eastern Europeans are less stressed than Western Europeans. That said, on balance, Central and Eastern Europeans are more likely than Western Europeans to say that religion is very important in their lives, that they attend religious services at least monthly, and that they pray every day. They usually possess brown or dark eye, and they can have coarse . Conscious of its spiritual and moral heritage, the Union is founded on the indivisible, universal values of human dignity, freedom, equality and solidarity; it is based on the principles of democracy and the rules of law. The UK is no longer the juggernaut that it once was, but it is still the most populous country in Northern Europe, with a population of nearly 68 million. Europe Climate Zones & Classifications | What Is the Climate In Europe? The EU and NATO seek to further expand into Eastern Europe, while Russia hopes to halt any further NATO or EU expansion, and regain the influence that it had over the countries of the subregion during the Cold War. Languages: (see here), majorities in all of these countries view being born in their country and having ancestry there as important components of national identity. 6. Methods 2.1. Researchers included Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, the Baltics and the Balkans as part of Central and Eastern Europe because all these countries were part of the Soviet sphere of influence in the 20th century. In many of these countries, the surveys show that people are less receptive to religious and cultural pluralism than they are in Western Europe challenging the notion of universal assent to a set of European values. In this way, Eastern Europeans are similar to Western Europeans, although Eastern Europeans are one step more in the relaxed direction. What are the reasons for these opposing patterns on different sides of the continent? Most of Russias land mass, however, is part of Asia, not Europe, as Russia is a transcontinental country, and has territory in both Europe and Asia. Western Europe: More Catholics and Protestant Christians can be seen. Many Eastern European cities are not designed around cars, and walking is common. (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries. The most populous country in Southern Europe is Italy, which has more than 60 million people living within its borders. No matter where the lines are drawn, however, there are strong geographic patterns in how people view religion, national identity, minorities and key social issues. Heading south, you find hotter weather along the Mediterranean coast. People throughout the continent say it is important to respect national institutions and laws and speak the dominant national language to be a true member of their country, but Central and Eastern Europeans are especially likely to say that nativist elements of national identity being born in a country and having family ancestry there are very important. In Portugal, for example, the vast majority of adults say that being born in Portugal (81%) and having a Portuguese family background (80%) are very or somewhat important to being truly Portuguese. These sentiments also are widespread among adults in Italy and Spain. Altogether, these countries have a population of approximately 152 million people. Eastern Europe is depopulating faster than any other region. For some, it conjures up the continents Christian heritage; for others, it connotes a broader political liberalism that encompasses a separation between church and state, asylum for refugees, and democratic government. People often describe a decreasing population as a problem or a demographic crisis. However, a forever-increasing population is a doomed Ponzi scheme. Western Europe: Western Europe is economically more advanced as well as prosperous. In seven Central and Eastern European countries, however, the view that church and state should be separate falls short of a majority position. Russia and the other 9 countries that make up the subregion of Eastern Europe once comprised what was commonly known as the Eastern bloc during the Cold War. As our polling has found over the years, Americans and Europeans often have different perspectives on individualism, the role of government, free expression, religion and morality. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. 1. But Southern Europe is more than just the ruins of ancient civilizations. Of course, Eastern Europeans are a diverse bunch, as The Hidden Europe certainly proves. Michael Derrer observed another common bond that was neither negative nor positive. All human development, from large cities to small towns, shines light into the night sky. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. The Central and Eastern Europe surveys were conducted via face-to-face-interviews, while Western Europeans were surveyed by telephone. Europe has a population for more than 747 million people. The lower Christian shares in Western Europe reflect how the regions religious landscape has been changing within the lifetimes of survey respondents. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. This is not to suggest that support for multiculturalism is universal even in Western Europe. Among Caucasians, tanning oil with little SPF is a beach essential while Asians commonly bring sunscreen with high SPF. Some of the countries that fall under this category are United Kingdom, Norway, Portugal, Spain, France, Switzerland, Vatican City, Netherlands, Sweden, Malta, Italy, Iceland, Germany, Greece, Finland, etc. Measuring aspects like the distance between the eyes and skin tone, the technology is. Eastern-Europe-map2 by CrazyPhunk self-made based upon: Image:Eastern-Europe-map2.png. When examining the culture and society of the countries of Eastern Europe, a clear difference can be seen in family structures. Fully nine-in-ten Russians, for instance, oppose legal same-sex marriage, while similarly lopsided majorities in the Netherlands, Denmark and Sweden favor allowing gay and lesbian couples to marry legally. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. In Belgium, for example, 55% of respondents currently identify as Christian, compared with 83% saying they were raised Christian. Southern Europe is also home to the worlds smallest and least populous country, Vatican City, which has less than a thousand inhabitants. Across the continent, Europeans mostly say religion and government should be kept separate. In a 2014 survey, 57% of Americans disagreed with the statement Success in life is pretty much determined by forces outside our control, a higher percentage than in any of the European nations polled. Western Europe: Western Europe refers to the western part of Europe. There is no precise definition of Eastern Europe. Few people have cause to worry about finding themselves living on the street or having crippling medical bills. Western Europe: People speak romance languages and languages with Germanic roots. A solid majority (77%) of Americans believe citizens should be allowed to make statements that are offensive to peoples religious beliefs, a significantly higher share of the public than in any of the European Union nations included in our 2015 survey. But on the whole, people in Western European countries are much more likely than their neighbors in the East to embrace multiculturalism. Majorities in most Central and Eastern European countries surveyed say they believe in fate, including about eight-in-ten in Armenia (83%) and Bosnia (80%). City life is fast-paced and stressful when compared with Europe as a whole. This is true to a lesser extent in much of Europe, but especially so in the east. 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