Author. [87] Der zunächst ergangene Freispruch („nicht betroffen“) wurde auf Drängen der amerikanischen Militärregierung aufgehoben. When Goebbels was shown a rough-cut copy, he was infuriated, insisting that Süß must not be portrayed in any way as a martyr. Im nationalsozialistischen Deutschland wurde ab 1939 eine Welle antisemitischer Spielfilme produziert. Die Propagandawirkung des Films wurde durch einen nach dem Film geschriebenen Roman von J.R. George (Hans Hömberg) verstärkt, der 1941 im Buchverlag der UFA mit großformatigen Filmfotos herausgegeben und bis 1944 in mehrere Sprachen übersetzt wurde. [13] He was particularly struck by the fact that Süß could have saved himself by converting to Christianity but had steadfastly refused to do so, opting instead to return to formal Jewish observance and piety.[14]. Despite being tortured, he refuses to reveal the identities of his co-conspirators. [1], Die Betonung eines Sexualverbots zwischen Juden und Nichtjuden nimmt überdeutlich Bezug auf die Wirklichkeit im Dritten Reich, insbesondere die Nürnberger Rassegesetze bzw. Aber ich bringe ihn mit einigem Nachhelfen doch dazu.“[10] Zu den Probeaufnahmen notierte sich Goebbels: „Probeaufnahmen Marian zum ‚Jud Süß‘. Die Suche nach der idealen Form Tanja Kinkel, München Kaffeepause Lion Feuchtwangers Deutschlandbild im Exil Michaela Ullmann, Los Angeles Lion Feuchtwangers »Erfolg«. However, even after Harlan rewrote the original script, the result was not antisemitic enough to suit Goebbels' propaganda needs, so he personally intervened in the editing process to the point of dropping some scenes and rewriting others, including making a substantial change to the film's ending to show Süß as humbled rather than defiant. He complained that Harlan had "transformed Süß, a monster, into a Romeo. [35], Undaunted by Ebbecke's objections, Metzger took his idea to Teich, the story editor at Terra but was once again turned down. Goebbels told him that he "should produce political films and not [the kind of] films that he would make in peacetime. Bei Hauff versteht es Süß Oppenheimer, von der ohnehin korrupten Politik des adeligen Landesherrn persönlich zu profitieren, und ist an dessen Machterhalt interessiert. Die Hauptrolle des jüdischen Finanzbeamten Süß lehnten nacheinander Emil Jannings, Willi Forst, Gustaf Gründgens, René Deltgen und Paul Dahlke ab. [52] Her youth and beauty made her a symbol of health and purity, and thus an exemplary specimen of the Nazi ideal of womanhood. [121], David Culbert notes that "[t]hose who have condemned Jew Süss as a lifeless production are presuming—understandably—a morally abhorrent film cannot possibly have redeeming artistic merit." Die Süddeutsche Zeitung sah in den Aufführungen von Jud Süß ein Indiz für die Popularität des Antisemitismus in Ungarn.[31][32]. [42] However, in rebuttal, Haggith and Newman point out that Harlan added an important sequence in which Süß is responsible for the execution of a blacksmith, a sequence which served to increase the audience's hatred for Süß. Otto, 77; entry for 31 May 1943, in Dieter Borkowski. [41], Feeling that a project of this significance required top-caliber actors and frustrated at the delay in casting the film, Goebbels personally participated in the recruitment of the lead actors. "[108], The character of Süß is based on the stereotype of the grasping Jewish moneylender. [101], Joseph Süß Oppenheimer did serve Duke Karl Alexander as a court Jew. [9] Letztlich kann er aber die bestehenden politischen Konflikte zwischen dem Herzog und den Landständen nicht beeinflussen. Süß argues that he would be most effective if the Duke were to give him a letter granting him immunity from the laws of Württemberg. [78], In early 1941, the company Nordisk Tonefilm sought permission to distribute the film in Sweden but it was banned by the Censor. Knilli ascribes Marian's alcoholism and alleged suicide after the war to his feelings of guilt. Hallo, wir sind eine Musikband mit dem Namen Wil... See More. [46] He had worked with fellow left-wingers, the theatre director Erwin Piscator and dramatist Bertolt Brecht and had starred in the lead role of the film Berlin-Alexanderplatz (1931). [37]:78–80 According to Antje Ascheid, Soderbaum is frequently identified as "most singularly representative of the Nazi ideal, as the quintessential Nazi star. [100], Although the film claimed to be "historically accurate", the plot presents only a few historically accurate details and significantly departs from the historical record on a number of key points. In some scenes, new lines were scripted for Marian to read in order to make his character less sympathetic. He was required to undergo a de-Nazification process from 1947 to 1948. Ashley Dukes and Paul Kornfeld wrote dramatic adaptations of the Feuchtwanger novel. In contrast to this original Jewry, we are presented with Süss, the elegant financial adviser to the Court, the clever politician, in short, the Jew in disguise. [17][18][19], After some initial resistance, the Duke yields to Süß's request for the repeal of the law prohibiting Jews from living in Württemberg; a horde of dirty, disreputable Jews are then shown moving into the city. So kam es z. Nach Schilderungen vieler Beteiligter hatte Joseph Goebbels, der das Werk in Auftrag gegeben hatte und seine Produktion persönlich beaufsichtigte, Probleme bei der Realisierung des Filmes: So soll es Schwierigkeiten bei der Suche eines Regisseurs und der Besetzung von Rollen gegeben haben. [34][89], In 1983, the Los Angeles-based gay neo-Nazi National Socialist League under Russell Veh stirred controversy in the United States when it attempted mass distribution of Jud Süß. Mein Sohn, der Herr Minister | After three trials, he was given a light sentence because he convinced the courts that the antisemitic content of the film had been dictated by Goebbels and that Harlan had worked to moderate the antisemitism. [21] The filmmaker Leni Riefenstahl, in her 1987 memoir, wrote that Harlan had told her of Goebbels's insistence that he direct the film and of his ardent desire to avoid involvement in the project. Contact Wildkogel Buam - WB on Messenger. [7] However, between 1940 and 1943, it grossed over 6.2 million Reichsmarks thus making it a blockbuster in contrast to the commercial failure of Der Ewige Jude. In the end, the court condemned the film but exonerated the director. Let It Be Songtext von The Beatles mit Lyrics, deutscher Übersetzung, Musik-Videos und Liedtexten kostenlos auf Songtexte.com Jugend | SpiegelOnline 18 February 2010. Saul Friedländer suggests that Goebbels' intent was to counter three films whose messages attacked the persecution of Jews throughout history by producing antisemitic versions of those films with identical titles. B. in Berlin zu Ausrufen wie ‚Vertreibt die Juden vom Kurfürstendamm! Ich freue mich darüber.“[14], Die Bauten entwarfen Otto Hunte und Karl Vollbrecht.[15]. Der Jude lügt. [28] Krauß wurde 1954 mit der Verleihung des Bundesverdienstkreuzes endgültig vollständig rehabilitiert.[29]. Though that negative has never been located, it has been widely suspected that this version was produced and distributed by the Stasi or the KGB in order to arouse anti-semitism among Egyptians and Palestinians against the US-backed Israel (and henceforth, support for the Soviet-backed Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser). Here at XinXii we offer you the best set of opportunities in self-publishing world. This channel was generated automatically by YouTube's video discovery system. [49][50], According to Harlan, it was Goebbels who insisted that Harlan's wife, Kristina Söderbaum, play the leading female role. [123] In 2010, Oskar Roehler directed a film titled Jew Suss: Rise and Fall (German: Jud Süss: Film ohne Gewissen, Jud Süss—film without conscience) that premiered at the 2010 Berlinale.[124]. Er birgt ihren Leichnam. [98][99], The film has been available for sale on VHS in the United States at least since 1983 (the copyright date on a commercially marketed video cassette). According to Shay Hazkani, these accusations are not mentioned in any of the historical essays about the real Süß. Jud Süß – vom Drama zum Roman. However, the project stalled out for a number of reasons including challenges in recruiting a suitable cast and difficulties in producing a script acceptable to Goebbels. Laut der in diesem Film von Axel Milberg in der Rolle des Harlan abgegebenen Schilderungen zur Entstehungsgeschichte von Jud Süß habe beispielsweise Hauptdarsteller Ferdinand Marian völlig verzweifelt darauf reagiert, dass er nach Wunsch von Joseph Goebbels die Rolle des Süß Oppenheimer zu spielen hatte. Žid Süß (německy Jud Süß) je film z roku 1940, který byl natočen nacistickým Německem jako propagandistický snímek podporující antisemitismus. Das lehrt mich der Film Jud Suess: Der Jude ist gierig. [67] Other scenes were added including a new ending to replace the original one written by Harlan. [96] The Murnau Foundation protested to the Hungarian government through diplomatic channels. Community See All. [18][19], Süß suggests to the Duke that the two of them go to Ludwigsburg on the pretext of meeting the emperor's emissary and return to Württemberg only after the planned coup has established him as an absolute monarch. "[21], Daniel Azuelos ascribes the cast's reluctance to an unwillingness to be typecast as Jews. ... Two films, however, were designed to translate National Socialism's antisemitic ideology to a popular audience: Der ewige Jude (The Eternal Jew, 1940) and Jud Süß (Jew Süß, 1940). Der während der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus in Deutschland tätige Drehbuchautor und Regisseur Géza von Cziffra schilderte in seiner 1975 erschienenen Autobiografie Kauf dir einen bunten Luftballon, dass ursprünglich der Produktionschef der Terra Film, Peter Paul Brauer, für die Regie von Jud Süß vorgesehen gewesen sei. Oppenheimer, der im Film deutlich mephistophelische Züge trägt, erlangt durch Zuwendungen die Gunst des Herzogs und überredet diesen zu immer weiterer Untreue gegenüber seinem Volk, zugunsten seines eigenen luxuriösen Hofstaates. Oppenheimer, snares a post as treasurer to the Duke of Wurttemburg by showering the corrupt duke with treasure and promises of even greater riches. Jud Süß | "[110], In both Feuchtwanger's novel and Harlan's film, the dramatic climax is rape. The former husband of his second wife was also Jewish, making her son (and Marian's stepson) half-Jewish. "[122], From the early twenty-first century the film became the subject of a number of documentary films. [117], Stephen Lee writes that Hitler's vision of the kind of film that was likely to engage the German public proved to be less effective than the more subtle approach advocated by Goebbels. "[21], Adolf Hitler and the Propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels believed that film was a very potent tool for molding public opinion. Stehapplaus für Marian bei vielen Aufführungen und zahlreiche Liebesbriefe an den Schauspieler belegen, dass er durch den Film trotz seiner Darstellung bei der deutschen Bevölkerung noch beliebter wurde. [30] Die ungarische Partei Bund Freier Demokraten (SZDSZ) zeigte die Veranstalter in Ungarn wegen Volksverhetzung an. In the 2000s, two documentary films and a drama were released that explore the history and impact of this movie. Az 1940-ben készült Jud Süß egy professzionális iparosmunka, mely a technikai kivitelezésén és a főszerepet – megfélemlítés hatására - elvállaló színész briliáns játékán túl minden idők talán leggyomorforgatóbb propagandaanyaga. Dorthin ziehen auch die Aufständischen. Pedro soll hängen | The Jewish community tried unsuccessfully to ransom him. Jud Süß អត្ថបទរឿង - Jud Süss - អេស្ប៉ាញ. [5], After the war, some of the leading cast members were brought to trial as part of the denazification process. Škvorecký attributes the reluctance of actors to participate in what he characterizes as a "politically-most-correct film" as an indication of "how aware most German artists were of the fact that antisemitism under Hitler changed from prejudice to murder." Before Jud S üß, Veit Harlan had directed Das Unsterbliche Herz, released in 1939. Not only did the brutality instigated by Goebbels evoke harsh criticism internationally, the mixed reaction in the German media evidenced a lack of broad-based support among Germans for antisemitic violence. He argued that such a piece of poor writing would lead not to the portrayal of a "despicable Jew" but rather to just a "despicable film." [18], Zu Sondervorstellungen kam es für die außerhalb der Reichsgrenzen stationierten Soldaten sowie auf ausdrücklichen Wunsch Heinrich Himmlers für die SS-Einheiten und Wachmannschaften. Discuss North American DVDs and Blu-rays or other DVD and Blu-ray-related topics. For example, the "documentary film" Der Ewige Jude (The Eternal Jew) that Hitler commissioned was so crude and strident that many audiences were repelled by the grotesque imagery and the film was a box-office flop. Impressum. [83] According to his biographer Friedrich Knilli, Marian never came to terms with his having accepted the role of Süß and became an alcoholic, dying shortly after the war in a 1946 car accident. How much this contributed to the Europeans often embracing the deportation and execution of the Jews is debatable, but it surely had SOME effect. Darin wurde das Gerichtsverfahren gegen Veit Harlan nach Kriegsende dargestellt, in dem der Regisseur sich und auch seine Mitwirkenden als Opfer von Zwängen präsentiert hatte. [17][18][19], The new tolls cause the price of food and other essentials to rise, enriching both Süß and the Duke. Joseph Süss Oppenheimer (1698-1738) : Das Gastspiel des "Jud Süss" in der Geld- und Goldpolitik des hessischen Barock-Landgrafen Ernst Ludwig (Jürgen Rainer Wolf) Die Darmstädter Kaullas (1739-1833) : Vom Hofagenten zum frühindustriellen Unternehmer (Eckhart G. Franz) With us, you can reach your readers via well known sellers … Möller's role was to ensure that the script met Goebbel's ideological objectives. [20] Beim ersten Auschwitz-Prozess gab der SS-Rottenführer Stefan Baretzki an, dass jüdische Häftlinge unter dem Eindruck des Films misshandelt wurden.[21]. Message. Süß enables them to enrich themselves at the expense of the populace. Oppenheimer wird verhaftet. He argues that those who dismiss Harlan as a "loud-mouthed opportunist who could direct crowd scenes" have failed to understand the structure of the script whose brilliance is due to Harlan rather than to his predecessors, Metzger and Möller. "[66] Goebbels' dissatisfaction was centered on the relationship between Dorothea, the leading female character and Süß. 03-14-2004, 05:59 AM #4: Wolfenstein3D. Despite significant evidence to support their arguments, Susan Tegel, author of Nazis and the Cinema,[6] characterizes their postwar attempts to distance themselves from the film as "crass and self-serving"; she argues that their motives for accepting the roles seem to have been more driven by opportunistic ambition than by antisemitism. Around the middle of the film we show the Purim festival, a victory festival which the Jews celebrate as a festival of revenge on the Goyim, the Christians. "Jew Suess" (or "Jud Süß" in German) is an extremely anti-semitic film that was sponsored by Josef Goebbels and the Nazis. Im Jahr 1954 setzte ihn die arabische Propaganda gegen Israel ein.[25]. [55][56], Harlan argued to Goebbels that Söderbaum, having just given birth, was too weak to take on the role. [15] This film (entitled Power in the U.S.)[16] starred Conrad Veidt, and was an early effort to expose Nazi anti-semitism. In an interview with Der Film, a German film magazine, Harlan explained: It is meant to show how all these different temperaments and characters – the pious Patriarch, the wily swindler, the penny-pinching merchant and so on – are ultimately derived from the same roots. Marian also declined. "The Jew Süss" or perhaps even "The Sweet Jew": Some Jews have called it "The most successful anti-Semitic film the Nazi's ever made". In 1954, he was awarded the Order of the Federal Republic of Germany; in 1955, he received the High Decoration of the Republic of Austria. Der Schauspieler Werner Krauß erhielt zunächst ebenfalls ein Berufsverbot und musste sich in den Jahren 1947/48 in Stuttgart einem langwierigen Entnazifizierungsverfahren unterziehen, das mehrfach neu aufgerollt wurde. Man hört nur Worte der Begeisterung. [29] Because Mendes' movie was sympathetic to the subject, the scriptwriters shifted their model to Wilhelm Hauff's 1827 novella. Bemerkungen zu Franz Seitz’ Verfilmung von 1990 Jens Malte Fischer, München Lion Feuchtwanger und sein Ort im Münchner Stadtgedächtnis Andreas Heusler, München 17:15 – … "[39] When Harlan asked Riefenstahl to intercede for him with Goebbels, she demurred citing her own conflicts with the propaganda minister. Süß shows the emissary jewels and jewelry that are obviously beyond the Duke's means and then says that it would be his honor to provide the Duke with jewelry at a substantial discount. [21][34][36], At Goebbels' direction, Metzger was given a contract by Terra to write a script for the proposed film. To support his argument, he points to anecdotal evidence that, rather than being perceived as a despicable Jew, Marian's portrayal of Süß was considered to be quite sympathetic; so much so that he received fan mail from women who had become infatuated with his character. Elaborating on the "compromising circumstances", Škvorecký writes, "One of the paradoxes of this sinister film is how many participants in the violently racist project had either Jewish spouses or relatives, were disciples of Jewish artists and known friends of Jews, or had been—before the Nazi takeover—left-leaning intellectuals, even communists." When his jailers demanded that he convert to Christianity, he refused. Süß is taken into custody by the rebels and subjected to a lengthy trial on charges that include treason and financial improprieties. [58] For example, Goebbels insisted on dropping a scene in which Dorothea responds to Süß's wooing with a smile. Fröhlich, Gustav, Waren das Zeiten: Mein Film-Heldenleben, Munich, 1983. Verwehte Spuren | [21], The story was different in the case of Ferdinand Marian who is often characterized as having established a reputation as a "matinee idol". Vor diesem Hintergrund dient ihm die Romanfigur dazu, die Abhängigkeit jüdischen Lebens von den Mächtigen und die in … [37] For example, the film presents the grounds for Süß's execution as being abuse of power and sexual relations with a Christian woman. [88], Harlan was required by court order to destroy what was then believed to be the only remaining negative of Jud Süß and he reportedly did this in April 1954. When the studio head refused to approve the project, Goebbels ensured he was fired and replaced by Peter Paul Brauer, a minor director with no experience in producing films. He asserted that Harlan's film had distorted his novel so much that it was a perversion of it. Die goldene Stadt | Der Jude hat sich gegen uns verschworen. Joined: Thu May 28, 2009 12:33 pm Location: Helsinki, Finland. [72] It ranked sixth out of the thirty most popular German films of the war years.